The Dread Pirate Roberts Silk Road

American founder of the Silk Road website

Ross Ulbricht

Ross Ulbricht.jpg
Born

Ross William Ulbricht


(1984-03-27)
March 27, 1984
(age 38)

Austin, Texas, U.S.

Other names Silk Road Admin, SR Admin, Dread Pirate Roberts, DPR, Frosty, Altoid
Alma mater Academy of Texas at Dallas (BS)

Pennsylvania State University (MS)
Occupation Darknet marketplace operator
Years agile Feb 2011 – October 2013
Known for Creator of Silk Road
Conviction(southward)
  • Engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise
  • Distributing narcotics
  • Distributing narcotics by means of the Internet
  • Conspiring to distribute narcotics
  • Conspiring to commit money laundering (Feb 6, 2015)
  • Conspiring to traffic in false identity documents
  • Conspiring to commit computer hacking[1]
Criminal penalisation Ii life sentences without the possibility of parole plus 40 years and $183,961,921 fine (May 29, 2015)

Engagement apprehended

October 1, 2013
Imprisoned at Usa Penitentiary, Tucson[2]
Website freeross.org

Ross William Ulbricht
(born March 27, 1984) is an American serving life imprisonment for creating and operating the darknet market website Silk Route from 2011 until his arrest in 2013.[3]
The site operated as a hidden service on the Tor network and facilitated the sale of narcotics and other illegal products and services.[four]
[5]
Ulbricht ran the site nether the pseudonym “Dread Pirate Roberts”, later on the fictional character from
The Princess Helpmate.

In 2013, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arrested Ulbricht and Silk Road was taken offline. In 2015, he was convicted of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise, distributing narcotics, distributing narcotics by ways of the net, conspiracy to distribute narcotics, conspiracy to commit money laundering, conspiracy to traffic fraudulent identity documents, and conspiracy to commit computer hacking.[six]
[vii]
He was sentenced to a double life sentence plus 40 years without the possibility of parole. Ulbricht’s appeals to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in 2017 and the U.S. Supreme Court in 2018 were unsuccessful.[8]
[9]
[10]
He is incarcerated at the United states of america Penitentiary in Tucson.[xi]

Early life and education

[edit]

Ulbricht grew upwardly in Austin, Texas. He was a Boy Scout,[12]
attaining the rank of Eagle Sentry.[thirteen]
He attended W Ridge Heart School[14]
and Westlake High School, both virtually Austin, graduating from high school in 2002.[xv]

Ulbricht attended the Academy of Texas at Dallas on a full academic scholarship,[13]
and graduated in 2006 with a bachelor’south caste in physics.[fifteen]
He and then attended Pennsylvania State University, where he was in a master’s degree programme in materials scientific discipline and engineering and studied crystallography.[xiv]
By the fourth dimension Ulbricht graduated, he had get interested in libertarian economic theory; he adhered to the political philosophy of Ludwig von Mises, supported Ron Paul, promoted agorism, and participated in college debates to hash out his economic views.[14]
[16]
[17]
Ulbricht graduated from Penn Land in 2009 and returned to Austin. He tried 24-hour interval trading and started a video game company; both ventures failed.[14]
He eventually partnered with his friend Donny Palmertree to aid build an online used volume seller, Skillful Railroad vehicle Books.[xiv]

Silk Road

[edit]

Creation and performance of Silk Route

[edit]

Palmertree, cofounder of Good Carriage Books, eventually moved to Dallas, leaving Ulbricht to run the bookseller by himself. Around this fourth dimension, Ulbricht began planning Silk Road (initially called Underground Brokers).[18]
In his personal diary, he outlined his idea for a website “where people could buy anything anonymously, with no trail any that could atomic number 82 dorsum to them.”[18]
Ulbricht’s ex-girlfriend said, “I call up when he had the idea … He said something about … the Silk Road in Asia … and what a big network it was … And that’s what he wanted to create, so he idea it was the perfect name.”[xix]
Ulbricht alluded to Silk Road on his public LinkedIn folio, where he discussed his wish to “use economic theory every bit a ways to abolish the use of coercion and aggression amongst flesh” and claimed, “I am creating an economic simulation to requite people a offset-hand experience of what it would be similar to live in a earth without the systemic apply of strength.”[16]

Silk Road ran every bit an onion service on the Tor network, which implements data encryption and routes traffic through intermediary servers to anonymize the source and destination Net Protocol addresses. By hosting his market place equally a Tor site, Ulbricht could conceal the server’s IP address and thus its location.[iv]
[v]
Bitcoin, a cryptocurrency, was used for transactions on the site. While all bitcoin transactions were recorded in a public ledger chosen the blockchain, users who avoided linking their legal names to their cryptocurrency wallets were able to conduct transactions with considerable anonymity.[xx]
[21]
Ulbricht used the “Dread Pirate Roberts” username for Silk Road, although information technology is disputed whether but he used that account.[22]
[23]
He attributed his inspiration for creating the Silk Route marketplace to the novel
Alongside Dark
and the works of Samuel Edward Konkin III.[17]

Arrest

[edit]

Police enforcement bankrupt Silk Road’southward encompass in a number of ways. A drug bureau investigator infiltrated the site and became an admin, thereby gaining inside information almost the site operations, and finding Ulbricht’s chats employ to be Pacific time, narrowing down his likely location.[ane] Law enforcement seized a Silk Road server in Iceland[24]
[25]
and gained a trove of chat logs, farther enriching their knowledge.[two][
unreliable source?
]

Ulbricht was connected to “Dread Pirate Roberts” by Gary Alford, an Internal Revenue Service investigator working with the U.Southward. Drug Enforcement Administration on the Silk Road example, in mid-2013.[26]
[27]
The connectedness was made by linking the username “altoid”, used during Silk Road’s early days to announce the website, and a forum post in which Ulbricht, posting under the nickname “altoid”, asked for programming assist and gave his email address, which independent his total proper name.[26]
In Oct 2013, the Federal Bureau of Investigation arrested Ulbricht at the Glen Park branch of the San Francisco Public Library and accused him of being the “mastermind” behind the site.[28]
[29]
[thirty]

To prevent Ulbricht from encrypting or deleting files on the laptop he was using to run the site as he was arrested, two agents pretended to be quarreling lovers. When they had sufficiently distracted him,[31]
according to Joshuah Bearman of
Wired, they quickly moved in to arrest him while a 3rd agent grabbed the laptop and handed it to agent Thomas Kiernan.[32]
Kiernan so inserted a flash drive into 1 of the laptop’south USB ports, with software that copied key files.[31]

Ulbricht was ordered held without bail.[30]

Trial

[edit]

Prototype placed on Silk Route after seizure by the FBI

On February 4, 2014, Ulbricht was charged with engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise, narcotics conspiracy, conspiracy to commit money laundering, and conspiracy to commit estimator hacking.[33]
On Baronial 21, 2014, a superseding indictment added three additional charges.[34]
On February four, 2015, Ulbricht was convicted on all counts after a jury trial that had taken identify in January 2015.[35]
On May 29, 2015, he was sentenced to double life imprisonment plus xl years, without the possibility of parole. Ulbricht was also ordered to pay approximately $183 million in restitution, based on the total sales of illegal drugs and counterfeit IDs through Silk Road.[36]
[37]
[38]
[39]

Murder-for-hire allegations

[edit]

Federal prosecutors alleged that Ulbricht had paid $730,000 in murder-for-hire deals targeting at least 5 people,[30]
allegedly because they threatened to reveal the Silk Road enterprise.[40]
Prosecutors believe no contracted killing actually occurred.[thirty]
Ulbricht was not charged in his trial in New York federal court with murder for hire,[30]
[41]
but evidence was introduced at trial supporting the allegations.[thirty]
[42]
The district courtroom establish by a preponderance of the evidence that Ulbricht did commission the murders.[43]
The testify that Ulbricht had deputed murders was considered by the guess in sentencing Ulbricht to life, and was a factor in the 2nd Excursion’s decision to affirm the judgement.[42]

Ulbricht was separately indicted in federal courtroom in Maryland on a single murder-for-hire charge, alleging that he contracted to kill one of his employees (a onetime Silk Road moderator).[44]
Prosecutors moved to driblet this indictment afterward his New York conviction and judgement became final.[45]
[46]

Attempts to contrary the trial outcome

[edit]

Appeal

[edit]

Ulbricht appealed his confidence and sentence to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 2d Circuit in January 2016, claiming that the prosecution illegally withheld prove of DEA agents’ malfeasance in the investigation of Silk Road, of which two agents were convicted.[47]
Ulbricht also argued his sentence was too harsh.[48]
Oral arguments were heard in October 2016,[49]
[42]
[50]
and the Second Circuit issued its conclusion in May 2017, upholding Ulbricht’due south confidence and sentence in an opinion past Judge Gerard E. Lynch.[42]
In a 139-page opinion,[42]
[51]
the court affirmed the district courtroom’due south denial of Ulbricht’south move to suppress certain bear witness, affirmed the district court’s decisions on discovery and the admission of expert testimony, and rejected Ulbricht’s statement that a life sentence was procedurally or substantively unreasonable.[42]
[50]

In Dec 2017, Ulbricht filed a petition for a
certiorari
with the United states Supreme Courtroom, request the Courtroom to hear his appeal on evidentiary and sentencing bug.[52]
[53]
Ulbricht’s petition asked whether the warrantless seizure of an individual’s internet traffic information, without probable cause, violated the Fourth Amendment, and whether the Sixth Amendment permits judges to find facts necessary to support an otherwise unreasonable sentence.[54]
Twenty-one amici filed five
amicus curiae
briefs in back up of Ulbricht, including the National Lawyers Guild, American Black Cross, Reason Foundation, Drug Policy Alliance, and Downsize DC Foundation.[55]
The U.South. government filed a response in opposition to Ulbricht’southward petition.[55]
[56]
On June 28, 2018, the Supreme Court denied the petition, declining to consider Ulbricht’s appeal.[57]

Motion to vacate or reduce the judgement

[edit]

In 2019, Ulbricht attempted to vacate his life sentence based on a merits of ineffective assistance of counsel past his defence force lawyers. This attempt was initially rejected in Baronial 2019 due to a procedural error,[58]
but the movement was refiled. The motion was denied in June 2022.[59]

In a 2020
Vanity Fair
commodity, Nick Bilton wrote that, according to investigators and attorneys involved in the case, Ulbricht had been offered a plea bargain that would probable take given him a 10-twelvemonth sentence, only turned it down.[threescore]
In response to the article, assistant U.South. Attorney Timothy Howard, who was co-responsible for prosecuting the case, testified that no such plea offer existed. He further testified that the only plea offer had been fabricated before Ulbricht’s indictment. The plea offering had required Ulbricht to plead guilty to charges “conveying a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years and a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, with a recommended Us Sentencing Guidelines range of life imprisonment”.[61]

After the conviction

[edit]

Incarceration

[edit]

During his trial, Ulbricht was incarcerated at the Metropolitan Correctional Heart, New York.[62]
Starting in July 2017, he was held at USP Florence Loftier.[63]
His female parent, Lyn, moved to Colorado then she could visit him regularly.[64]
Ulbricht has since been transferred to USP Tucson.[65]
[66]

Restitution paid from seized assets

[edit]

In 2021, Ulbricht’s prosecutors and defense agreed that Ulbricht would relinquish any buying of a newly discovered fund of 50,676 Bitcoin (worth about $3.4 billion in 2021) seized from a hacker in November 2021.[67]
The Bitcoins had been stolen from Silk Road in 2013. Ulbricht had been unsuccessful in getting them back. The U.S. government traced and seized the stolen bitcoin. Ulbricht and the government agreed the fund would exist used to pay off Ulbricht’s $183 one thousand thousand debt in his criminal case, while the Section of Justice would take custody of the bitcoins.[68]
[69]

Documentaries and films

[edit]

Deep Web
is a 2015 documentary film chronicling events surrounding Silk Route, bitcoin, and the politics of the nighttime web, including Ulbricht’due south trial.
Silk Road—Drugs, Death and the Dark Web
is a documentary covering the FBI functioning to track downwardly Ulbricht and close Silk Road. The documentary was shown on UK television in 2017 in the BBC
Storyville
documentary series.[70]

The film
Silk Road
was released on Feb nineteen, 2021. Directed past Tiller Russell, information technology follows Ulbricht’s creation of the website and the FBI and DEA investigations. Ulbricht is portrayed by American player Nick Robinson.[71]

NFT sale

[edit]

Ulbricht’s family raised money for efforts to release him from jail via the decentralized democratic organization
FreeRossDAO, which accepted donations from the public. In Dec 2021 the family auctioned a collection of his writings and artwork as an NFT, which FreeRossDAO bought for 1,442 Ethereum, well-nigh $half-dozen.27 million at the time.[72]
[65]

See also

[edit]

  • Variety Jones and Smedley: pseudonyms of people reported to take been closely involved with Silk Route’due south founding
  • USBKill: kill-switch software created in response to the circumstances of Ulbricht’s arrest
  • Kevin Mitnick

References

[edit]


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  2. ^


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    b




    c




    d




    e




    f




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  31. ^


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    American Kingpin: The Epic Chase for the Criminal Mastermind Backside the Silk Route. Portfolio/Penguin. p. 300.



  63. ^


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    Mangu-Ward, Katherine (July 2018). “Ross Ulbricht Is Serving a Double Life Sentence”. Archived from the original on May 31, 2018. Retrieved
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  65. ^


    a




    b




    Mak, Aaron (January 25, 2022). “The Crypto Obsessives Trying to Salvage a Notorious Internet Criminal From Prison”.
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    Ulbricht, Lyn. “Trump’due south visit to Phoenix gives people hope. Mine is he commutes my son’s life sentence”.
    The Arizona Republic
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    Ramey, Corinne (November 7, 2022). “Justice Department Announces Seizure of Bitcoin Once Valued at $3.36 Billion”. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved
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    Greenberg, Andy (April 22, 2022). “A $3 Billion Silk Road Seizure Will Erase Ross Ulbricht’s Debt”.
    Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved
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  69. ^


    Smith, Andrew (April 24, 2022). “Silk Road Founder Ross Ulbricht To Forfeit $iii billion worth of BTC To The The states Regime”.
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    Gibbings-Jones, Marker (Baronial 21, 2017). “Monday’s all-time Television receiver: Storyville: Silk Road – Drugs, Expiry and the Dark Web”.
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    Dujsik, Marking. “Silk Route”.
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    “NFT of Silk Road founder’s fine art sells for more than than $6 one thousand thousand”.
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Further reading

[edit]

  • Greenberg, Andy. “Encounter The Dread Pirate Roberts, The Human Backside Booming Black Market place Drug Website Silk Road”.
    Forbes. August 14, 2013.
  • Greenberg, Andy. “An Interview With A Digital Drug Lord: The Silk Road’s Dread Pirate Roberts (Q&A)”.
    Forbes. August 14, 2013.
  • Howell O’Neill, Patrick. “The mystery of the disappearing Silk Road murder charges”.
    The Daily Dot. October 22, 2014.
  • Bertrand, Natasha. “Eerie diary entries written past the Silk Route founder who simply got a life sentence”.
    Concern Insider. May 29, 2015.
  • Mullin, Joe. “Sunk: How Ross Ulbricht ended up in prison for life”. Ars Technica. May 29, 2015.
  • Bearman, Joshuah. “Silk Road: The Untold Story”
    Wired Magazine. April/May 2015.
  • Bilton, Nick, American Kingpin, 2017.
  • Doherty, Brian. “Ross Ulbricht’s Murder-for-Hire Charges Dropped by U.S. Chaser”.
    Reason. July 25, 2018.



Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Ulbricht

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